Combined engine and boiler.



PATENTED APR. 4, 1905.

- D. M. SMALL. COMBINED ENGINE AND BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED 0GT.12,1903.

Smnntoz Jamar-m 2y 0W R 4 UNITED STATES Patented April 4, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

COMBINED ENGINE AND BOILER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 786,321, dated April 4, 1905.

Application filed October 12,1903. Serial No. 176,736.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DEXTER M. SMALL, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented a Oombined Engine and Boiler, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, which forms a part of this specification, is a side view, partly in section, showing my device complete. Fig. 2 is a slight modification thereof, and Fig. 3 a plan view of water-supply tank with air=chamber. Fig. at is also a slight modification.

The object of my invention is a cheap and simple device for automatically pumping air into gas generators and also for pumping Water and for other uses where a rapid movement of piston is not required.

A represents the cylinder of my engine, to the bottom of which heat is automatically applied at intervals for generating therein the necessary steam to force up the piston, with its load, either directly or through intermediate lever B, with fulcrum at 9. With lever a slight oscillating motion of cylinder is required and is provided for by bearings C, (one on each side), free to turn on arms D, secured to upright support E.

For convenience in adjusting the packing Gr without removing piston from cylinder I squeeze down the loose-fitting disk I upon the packing by means of a nut J and intermediate tube or sleeve K. To automatically apply and remove heat from cylinder, I use a rod L, which can be connected with piston-rod F, but preferably with its load or with lever B, as shown, and also with the heating device, so as to remove the heat when the piston or its load has reached its upper limit and to instantly apply it again when load has returned to its starting-point. This can be done with any kind of burner or fuel, either by turning on and shutting off the blaze or by turning burner to one side and then back or by both turning it to one side and shutting off the gas at the same time, all of which I have done; but the device shown is both simple and practical and will sufficiently illustrate this part of my invention.

M is a common atmospheric-gas burner, supported by gas-pipe N.

O is a pilot-light, connected with gas-sup ply back of shut-off, the arm P of which is raised and lowered by rod L nearly to point where the spring R takes it and instantly opens or closes gas-cock, as the case may be. This is important to insure proper lighting of the burner andl for another reason, to be explained farther on, the nuts S and T on rod L being far enough apart so as not to interfere with the quick movement of arm P when the spring comes into action.

The length of the piston-stroke is regulated by position of the adjustable nuts U and V on the rod L, with which the lever B engages to operate rod L, as stated, with the arm IV, connected with the injector, the stroke of which I also make adjustable by means of nuts X and Y on stem Z in cylinder Q, the packing of which is also adjustable at top of cylinder by means of disk a, sleeve 6, and nut 0.

(Z is a suction-pipe extendingdown into water-supply tank it.

e is a valve; f, pipe leading from injector to cylinder A, with valve g as near cylinder as practical.

i is the exhaust-steam pipe, also extending down into supply-tank.

m is a valve operated by rod 21, connected with arm P so as to be instantly and simultaneously opened and closed with the opening and closing of the gas-cock, the rod a being short enough so as not to touch the stem of valve or until raised far enough for the spring R to come into action.

The object of extending exhaust-pipe into supply-tank is threefoldto heat the watersupply, to condense the steam, and to serve as a suction-pipe to supply cylinder A with water in case injector gives out or is omitted altogether, as it can be with avery slow downward movement of piston, giving time for the steam in cylinder A'to condense, and thus automatically suck up a fresh supply of water. This requires about half a minute, and with an air blower or pump can be provided for by reducing size of discharge-pipe, so that rod L will not descend too quickly. In either case, but especially with an air-blower for gasgenerators, where the descent depends on the rate of consumption, it is important to have piston forced down (or back to starting-point where engine is used in a horizontal position) by a weight 6 or other device independent of and without waiting for the descent of load, as the piston must be forced down while the cylinder is hot.

By utilizing exhaust-pipe for feed-pipe I have found that the valve on is washed, and thus kept clean by the inflowing water, so as not to give any trouble whatever even after long-continued use, so that this advantage is thus gained, besides saving expense and care of another feed-pump or injector.

To increase rapidity of piston-stroke without using injector to force water into the cylinder, (which serves as boiler,) I have extended the discharge pipe therefrom up against outside of cylinder, as shown in Fig. 4, to cool it off and have also used air in same manner, to eitherof which methodsmy device is adapted, as also to slow service, without either an exhaust or an automatic injector, a fresh supply of water being occasionally introduced by hand.

The water-tank, a plan view of which is shown in Fig. 3, is preferably constructed with a small inner chamber 0, connected by a small tube a with larger chamber it, through an intervening air space-or chamber 10, and preferably with inlet and outlet, through which air can be forced to be heated for any purpose desired This air-space is also important for separating the walls of the inner chamber from large water-tank, so as to preserve the heat of the immediate water-supply, and thus save time and fuel in generating steam for each stroke of piston.

That part of my invention relating to intermittent application of heat to cylinder is practical for hot-air as well as steam engines.

I claim as my invention+ In an engine of the class described, the combination with cylinder A, of a heating device thereunder, the heat from which is automatically applied thereto when piston is down and then removed when piston has been raised to its adjusted limit, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

DEXTER M. SMALL.

\Vitnesses:

FRANK A. FOSTER, HOWARD E. BARLOW. 

